city as a Work of Art ââ“ Influence of Public Art in the City

Abstruse

With the integration of global economy, the urbanization process in our land develops speedily. Information technology appears particularly important to build city paradigm. As manifestation of metropolis characteristics, it reflects spiritual outlook of a city. More than importantly, it is the requirement for unremitting self improvement in urbanization development. Public fine art embodies spirit and life mode of a city. As a product of modern urban form, it has shut human relationship with the shaping of city image. This article researches on relevance between public fine art construction and city image shaping, according to full general state of affairs of public fine art construction in Nantong city, and discusses the influence of them. The aim of this article is to promote the shaping of metropolis prototype more effectively.

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Wu, J. (2016) Research on the Influence of Public Art on City Image. Journal of Edifice Construction and Planning Research, 4, 219-224. doi: 10.4236/jbcpr.2016.44014.

1. Introduction

Every bit a huge complex, city gathers multiple elements such as humanity, economy, customs, surroundings and mural. With the development of gild, the growth of urban center transits from economic layer to culture culture construction layer. People are pursuing more delicate life and caring more about gustatory modality and quality of life, so an increasing number of people hope to feel strong artistic atmosphere in cities. Notwithstanding, in many cities of our country, urban commercial planning and construction are booming. The pursuit for dazzler establishes on the basis of economic construction. These make cities lose characteristics and features. Therefore, the exploration on the relevance betwixt public art construction and metropolis image should become one of the hot bug that people pay attention to. Likewise, cities also demand to go on characteristics and features in the rapid development. As a characteristic city in the southeast of Jiangsu, Nantong city is nearly the sea and the Yangtze River, with unique customs and abundant tourist resources. So the shaping of city image should be more distinctive. Information technology needs to depend on public art construction to a larger extent.

2. Urban Public Fine art

2.1. Concept of Urban Public Art

In English language, it is called "Public Fine art". From its Chinese character, it emphasizes the participation and interaction of the public. Public fine art cannot exist chosen peculiar artistic expression. It belongs to comprehensive concept including multiple types, disciplines and types of work, involving extensive scope, so no scholar gives a unified specific caption [1] . In broad sense, public art refers to creative form of public place and space in general and its physical contents can exist extended; in narrow sense, it is determinative arts focusing on appreciation. It has open feature as well as essential attributes of art.

ii.ii. Characteristics of Urban Public Art

Urban public fine art has several typical characteristics, including artistry, expression diversity, publicity and specific field holding. Its artistry and expression diversity show that it doesn't take specific design of manifestation and mode, but it can combine diversified creative forms, including edifice, multimedia, painting, device and sculpture. Whatever kind of ways of expression needs to combine with technology and art, aesthetics and science [two] . Also, when designing, artists shall consider whether the art coordinates with metropolis characteristics and conforms to local historic culture, emotional needs of the citizens and their receptivity for public art; as the most prominent feature of public art, publicity includes the significant of public places and urban citizens exchange information and enter and go out the urban center freely. The publicity of public art shall embody the publicity of artistic works in public spaces; the Bourdieu sociology theory expounds the concept of "field domain". We telephone call the unity of individuals and all places surrounding them "Life Circle" [3] . Public art has specific field property. If a public artistic piece of work is non placed in proper place, although information technology has sense of beauty, it cannot bring emotional resonance for the audiences. In this way, information technology cannot promote public fine art to create social atmosphere and represent city image.

3. Metropolis Image

three.1. The Concept of Metropolis Image

The give-and-take "image" appeared early in the Han dynasty. Some literatures explain it as "shape and appearance of things". Afterwards, scholars use "image" to refer to entity image of people or things. Information technology has dual meanings. On one hand, information technology can refer to things of objective beingness. It tin exist depicted, observed and perceived and give people visual input; on the other hand, information technology tin can refer to image information. It is realized through combination of sensory organisation and nerve cell. City image tin be explained equally sensory data after absorbing urban public fine art, including all the understanding information of urban public culture through cultural background and history of the city [4] . In city infinite, public fine art such every bit route, bridge, street lamp, bus stop and sculpture has unique feature. The public volition produce direct sensory experience when perceiving public art in the infinite. Because of individual differences, people concord different subjective understandings or objective understandings toward public art, then the public have dissimilar understandings for metropolis epitome.

Urban center image is the soul of a urban center. Its uniqueness, sense of beauty and cultural context decide the appearance of a urban center. With the increment of travel experiences, people have increasingly potent feeling toward metropolis image. Public fine art is gradually popularized because it can improve city grade and connotation. Meanwhile, it has become an important topic of city image structure, realizing landscape and humanistic value of city. It is the production of urban civilisation and life style. Nowadays, under the bear upon of economic system, city image can attract foreign investment and effective tourist resources. To develop steadily, cities need to shape good city image.

3.2. The Characteristics of City Image

City epitome has three characteristics, namely integrality, long-term nature and otherness. The integrality means the impression that a metropolis leaves on the public is integral. It cannot exist embodied through urban fragments or other individual elements. This understanding is an overall recognition through interaction of urban public fine art. Schelling, a German scholar once elaborated in his Philosophy of Art that "maybe private beauty will move people, but only the integral real creative piece of work can reveal the beauty. Therefore, people without holistic concept cannot judge artistic work very well" [5] . The formation of urban center epitome needs to get through a long process. Information technology is inherited and developed constantly with evolution of history, civilisation and customs of cities. Many things tin be preserved for a very long period of time. It has relative stability for city prototype and belongs to long term nature of city epitome, such every bit urban center image of headstream of the four ancient civilizations in Aboriginal Arab republic of egypt. As 1 of the main headstreams of western civilization, Ancient Greek has special image. The integrality makes the city produce stable characteristics. The otherness of city image is obvious. The geographical status, natural surround, historical civilisation and customs of each city are dissimilar, with different features and individuality. The graphic symbol and individuality of cities are manifested. Except for the vitality, to shape city image successfully, a city shall integrate with the diversified factors, deepen understanding, and avoid repetition and plagiarism by all means.

iv. Shaping of City Image by Public Fine art and Design

4.one. Shaping of Urban Civilized Image by Public Art

The most straight way of agreement for metropolis image needs the manual of sensory data. The storage of sensory information in human encephalon is related to logical thinking bend of man. In order to leave a deep impression on the public, each city needs to intensify the shaping of urban civilized image, thus tin can influence the curve of human thinking and effectively strengthen the transmission and storage of sensory information. The shaping of urban civilized image mainly includes the shaping of urban historical civilization, urban modern civilization and regional style.

As a special historical public fine art, urban historical civilization represents the basic connotation of a urban center. Information technology is mainly embodied on public art elements such as museum, cultural corridor, buildings and sculpture and statue, so the shaping of urban historical civilization shall pay attention to it. Museum bears the evolution history of a city and reflects the trace of time. People can understand historical culture and development history more deeply through visiting museum. In addition, the storage of sensory data can make metropolis image remained finer in the retentivity of people [6] . Equally a common display platform of civilisation, cultural corridor mainly exists in public spaces such as parks and squares with large number of audiences. Information technology shows regional culture and tin requite direct sense judgment to the public. Buildings which embody historical public fine art need to accept its uniqueness. It needs longer time to accumulate. As common public creative works, sculptures and statues are varied in different cities.

Compared with historical culture, modernistic civilisation of cities mainly embodies living standards and quality of citizens at the present stage. It is a new civilization produced under rapid development of industry. It requires the pattern of public art to consider the public pay more and more attention to the pursuit of spiritual civilization. It is as well the apotheosis of living standards and quality of citizens. In that location are many means of expression of modern civilisation. The modern transportation, trash can, street greening and public guide signs of a metropolis embody modern culture. Cities also need to transmit civilization through public art.

Each city has unique regional manner because of geographical location and natural environment. Our country has vast territory and abundant resources. Differences betwixt the due south and the north are obvious. Cities virtually the mountain and by the river have unique features. Citizens living in coastal cities accept the civilisation of sea. They think the sea fosters them. People living in highland are inclined to appreciate the civilization of mountain and they think the mount gives them everything. These are unfamiliar to people who live in inland. Nantong is a coastal city. People'due south understanding and respect for the sea also reverberate the civilization of this city.

four.ii. Shaping of Urban Sensory Paradigm by Public Fine art

Public art has a bang-up influence on urban sensory image. Information technology bears the dazzler of the look of cities, functional image of cities and the shaping of economic image of cities. The vitality of a metropolis is also embodied in these aspects. Therefore, equally a carrier of advice, public art shall embody characteristics.

The expect of a city is the elevation priority that each city strives to forge. Anybody has his heart in beautiful things. For the public, living in a beautiful city is eyeable. It is also the near direct sensory paradigm of cities. Every bit an of import role of modern urban center epitome, public art can create the dazzler of a city. It shall embody tangible beauty and accept cultural values, promoting the germination of its inner beauty. External and internal cultivation embodies the charm of public art [7] . The roads, street lamps, buildings and grasslands of a city bring the public sensory beauty. These may be slow with single design, but it volition produce different visual impacts when combining them together, such as the Huanxi Cultural Square in Nantong city. No city lacks squares. It is an of import public space. The Huanxi Cultural Square is built virtually the riverside. Equally an important part of Haohe scenic spot, except for the common functions, it includes music fountain, open stage, dark-green ornamental and lamps and lanterns as well every bit benches. All of them have slap-up originality and create a comfortable ambient. The combination of loftier applied science and aesthetics makes it profound and charming, giving people external sensory beauty.

City is an entirety of people's living infinite. The shaping of cities focuses on coming together the requirements of people in life and development. With continuous improvement of economic level, people also ceaselessly pursue better living and development opportunities. Information technology makes the shaping of cities grow constantly [viii] . The shaping of functional epitome of cities is mainly embodied in public art layout and structural arrangement of urban functional areas. Living space, commercial infinite and amusement space all vest to urban functional areas. The embodiment of public art in living space can improve living quality of residents. Moreover, it promotes residents to pursue interior quality continuously. Commercial space mainly provides places for people to commutation materials in daily life. Public fine art mainly serves as a foil in it. It shall express an open and peaceful commercial atmosphere. The image-building of entertainment space shall be diversified, then people can feel relaxed and pleasant. At the concurrently, it should exert image of entertainment function and avoid concept guiding.

Nowadays, people pay attention to the economic vitality of a city. The economic image of a urban center is also an important part of urban center image. The shaping of urban economic image by public fine art mainly embodies in ii aspects, including integrity of the design of public elements and its quality. The elevation and difficulty of buildings in core area, the degree of prosperity of commercial space, the green coverage ratio of urban road and fitness facility and layout of leisure space are reference indexes of economic image. The public art blueprint shall not just embody independent sensory prototype but likewise show integral consequence. In this fashion, it tin can shape economical image of a city effectively. Equally a city congenital in an all-round way after the reform and opening, Shenzhen city has a speed of evolution that shocks the world. It has reached advanced level in China in public art blueprint and layout. The integrity of public art and quality pursuit has reached unprecedented height. In recent years, many cities brainstorm to build cardinal business district (CBD). The CBD in Nantong also appears with information technology. The selection of geographic position and layout of commercial space bases on overall planning. The organization of public art is also well-designed. It reflects the continuous economic development of Nantong city. In improver, it shows positive furnishings brought by public art for the image shaping of Nantong city.

five. Conclusions

The development of cities volition never end. The pursuit of public fine art volition meliorate unceasingly. With the update of scientific discipline and applied science, public fine art volition constantly integrate with other disciplines to produce new means of expression. It will bring improve opportunity for the shaping of metropolis prototype. Nowadays, under the affect of economic development, the development patterns of many cities are the same. Some cities lose characteristics. Furthermore, the public are not able to sympathize metropolis prototype clearly. It shows these cities are lack of vitality.

This article expounds public art and city image and uses some examples in Nantong urban center, and discusses the public art influences the shaping of urban center image from many aspects, including civilized image and sensory prototype of cities. Information technology also includes specific urban center images such every bit function, economic system, advent, history and modernization of cities. From the perspective of the development of cities, public art is a ways of expression of city image as well as i of the impetuses to promote integrated development of cities. Paying attending to public art construction can effectively heave the shaping of city prototype. Too, the public shall not get lost in pursuing public art. Each metropolis should integrate historical groundwork and regional features with modern gild, blueprint the public art that tin be understood by local people very well, and then amend bulldoze the shaping of city epitome unremittingly.

*Fund Project: Nantong Social Science Fund Project (No.: 2016BNT028).

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Source: https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=71208

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